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Spectrometer application case study
- Mineral Automated Yield Analyzer system Via Spectrometer
- Using a Spectrometer in OPTIX, Helps Fight Terrorism
- Spectrometer for Monitoring fertilizer concentration in agriculture
- Bird research on the Falkland Islands
- Fast sorting of LEDs
- Finding fires with AvaSpec
- More Fascinating stories...to come
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See all our Applications of Spectrometer
We offer varios applications of soectrometer: Spectrometer for Coating processes in vacuum chambers, Absorption spectroscopy, Thin Film measurement spectrometer, diamond measurement spectrometer, Fluorescence measurements, LED measurements, Plant measurement and more. -
Mineral Automated Yield Analyzer system Via Spectrometer
he Mineral Automated Yield Analyzer system, or MAYA for short, is designed for real-time analysis of minerals, ores, chemicals and raw materials. Housed in a compact case, it is easy to install and relocate to any desired location. It uses Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technology to safely analyze mineral material passing below it on a conveyor belt. Unlike other elemental analyzers, the MAYA system does not generate ionizing radiation (X-Ray, gamma, neutron, etc.) and therefore is the safest available method for full elemental on-line analysis.
LIBS is a type of atomic emission spectroscopy which uses a highly energetic laser pulse as the excitation source. The laser is focused to form a plasma of the material to be analyzed. Spectral analysis of the plasma emission created yields a fingerprint of the elemental composition of the sample.
The method of analysis is:- A laser beam is focused on the surface of the material to be analyzed
- The temperature at the focus point reaches 20,000-40,000°C.
- The material becomes plasma and emits light whose wave- length distribution is material dependent (fingerprint of the elemental composition of the sample)
- The emitted light is collected and dispersed according to its
- wavelength component (spectra)
- Sampled material is analyzed by comparing the sampled dis- persed light to a given chemical element’s spectrum
- The laser’s typical operating frequency generates approximately
- 300-500 spectra, which enables a full analysis result every three to five minutes
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Using a Spectrometer in OPTIX, Helps Fight Terrorism
The aim of the EU funded OPTIX project is to contribute to the safety of European citizens by the development of a transportable system that can do stand off detection and identification of explosives in real scenarios at distances of around 20 meters. The goal is to develop a system with a detection time of less than60 seconds, reliability of over 90 percent (with less than 3 percent false alarms), and over 95 percent correct identification of explosives. To accomplish this, an alternative or simultaneous analysis is done by three complimentary optical technologies (LIBS, RAMAN, IR). The project started in November 2008 and is projected to take 54 months, finalizing in April 2013.
All three techniques have a number of common components that facilitate integration:
• Laser: Raman and LIBS spectrometers can
both operate using a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG, although the power density requirements are different, so the analyses cannot be performed simultaneously. The Nd:YAG operating at 532 nm can also provide the pulsed laser fragmentation required for IR whilst IR spectroscopy also requires two Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCL).
• Collection optics: The integration of the three techniques requires collection optics optimized for light in several different regions; 350 to 974 nm for LIBS and Raman, and 5.2 to 5.3 μm and 6.2 to 6.3 μm for the IR QCLs. A telescope will collect the returning light and then the signals are divided into different paths through a series of mirrors and fiberoptic cables to three separate detectors.
• Spectrographs: Although other combined Raman/LIBS systems utilize a single spectrograph and detector, the OPTIX system will contain 3 AvaSpec- ULS2048-USB2 spectrometers for LIBS and a special version of the AvaSpec-HS with a gated, intensified CCD camera for Raman to increase the spectral resolution obtainable, compared to that of a combined spectrograph.
• The OPTIX system will allow alternative or sequential analysis by the three different optical technologies at a stand-off distance of 20 meters. The advantages of using the three complementary technologies include a higher probability of detecting the presence of explosives over a range of potential threats, lower probability in confusing or defeating the system, and increased sensitivity, specificity and robustness.
OPTIX is funded by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n°[218037].
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Spectrometer for Monitoring fertilizer concentration in agriculture
o measure and apply the appropriate levels of fertilization on crops can be a time consuming activity. This is what the Yara system was designed to facilitate. Featuring a dual channel AvaSpec series spectrometer, fiber-optics and processing electronics mounted in a blue box on top of a tractor, the system makes real-time measurements of the optical appearance of crops and intelligently applies fertilizers accordingly.
Relevant for the fertilization is the level or nitrogen in a crop, which is measured by means of reflection spectroscopy. In the visible range (380-740 nm) the reflection is an indication of the leaf chlorophyll content, in the NIR range (700-1000 nm) reflectance is mainly affected by the crop’s biomass.
Included with the Yara system is a terminal for real-time monitor ing. A special viewing geometry and integrated irradiance correction guarantees accurate measurements. The system logs crop and GPS data on a on-board data card.
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Bird research on the Falkland Islands
he Thin-billed Prion, or Pachyptila Belcheri, is a species of sea birds that is mostly found in the southern oceans. Their feather color and ornamental appearance are used to determine their maturity level. Since these birds can see and produce signals in the UV-range (such as plumage color and bill displays), spectroscopy is used to objectively assess skin and feather colors.
The spectrometer used on New Island, part of the Falkland Islands (or Islas Malvinas) is an AvaSpec-2048 mini spectrometer in a portable setup with laptop, 12V battery, a light source and a connected reflection probe. The scientists are interested in color measurements, the origins
of signaling with ornaments, hormonal control and trade-offs between signal production and e.g. reproduction, or the mainte- nance of a strong immune system.
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Fast sorting of LEDs
raditional incandescent light bulbs are already banned in some countries and many more will soon adopt similar laws. This means there will be huge demand for alternative light sources, such as LED (Light Emitting Diodes) and Organic LEDs (OLED) in the coming decade. During production, it is vital that these (O)LEDs have uni- form color and spectral output.
The color parameters of an LED can be measured by a radiometrically calibrated fiber coupled spectrometer and the AvaSpec-series spectrometers are ideal for this task. Critical to this type of inline measurements are the speed and accuracy of measurements: SK-Advanced offers a the Led measuements, spectrometer a 1.1 ms integration time and 2 ms/scan data trans- fer time, enabling for and LED sorting machines to run at full speed.
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Finding fires with AvaSpec
eveloped in Portugal, the Forest Fire Finder is an advanced fire detection and tracking system. The system consists of an individual or a series of towers which feature telescopic optics to measure spectra over forested areas. The system features an AvaSpec- ULS2048-USB2 spectrometer, a video camera, weather station, telescope, processing/controlling unit and communications unit. The telescope and the video camera scan the horizon non-stop, at an angle of 320 degrees. The telescope is connected to the spectrometer by means of a fiber and can collect spectra up to 15km away. These spectra are then processed and analyzed. The video camera takes pictures at pre-set intervals and can also be used to send real-time video. It is aligned with the telescope, to ensure what is measured.
Should the system detect a forest fire, automatically alerts are sent out through SMS, IP, GSM, etc. The alert contains needed information, such as fire location, detection time, weather conditions and an image of the detected fire. The weather conditions include wind speed and direct, temperature and humidity.